.\" $OpenBSD: otus.4,v 1.36 2022/01/05 17:39:25 jmc Exp $ .\" .\" Copyright (c) 2009 Damien Bergamini .\" .\" Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any .\" purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above .\" copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies. .\" .\" THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES .\" WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF .\" MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR .\" ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES .\" WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN .\" ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF .\" OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE. .\" .Dd $Mdocdate: January 5 2022 $ .Dt OTUS 4 .Os .Sh NAME .Nm otus .Nd Atheros USB IEEE 802.11a/b/g/n wireless network device .Sh SYNOPSIS .Cd "otus* at uhub? port ?" .Sh DESCRIPTION The .Nm driver supports USB 2.0 wireless network devices based on Atheros Communications AR9001U chipset. .Pp The AR9001U chipset is made of an AR9170 MAC/Baseband and an AR9101 (1T2R), AR9102 (2T2R) or AR9104 (dual-band 2T2R) Radio. .Pp These are the modes the .Nm driver can operate in: .Bl -tag -width "IBSS-masterXX" .It BSS mode Also known as .Em infrastructure mode, this is used when associating with an access point, through which all traffic passes. This mode is the default. .It monitor mode In this mode the driver is able to receive packets without associating with an access point. This disables the internal receive filter and enables the card to capture packets from networks which it wouldn't normally have access to, or to scan for access points. .El .Pp The .Nm driver can be configured to use Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) or Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA1 and WPA2). WPA2 is the current encryption standard for wireless networks. It is strongly recommended that neither WEP nor WPA1 are used as the sole mechanism to secure wireless communication, due to serious weaknesses. WPA1 is disabled by default and may be enabled using the option .Qq Cm wpaprotos Ar wpa1,wpa2 . For standard WPA networks which use pre-shared keys (PSK), keys are configured using the .Qq Cm wpakey option. WPA-Enterprise networks require use of the wpa_supplicant package. .Qq Cm wpaprotos Ar wpa1,wpa2 . For standard WPA networks which use pre-shared keys (PSK), keys are configured using the .Qq Cm wpakey option. WPA-Enterprise networks require use of the wpa_supplicant package. .Pp The .Nm driver can be configured at runtime with .Xr ifconfig 8 or on boot with .Xr hostname.if 5 . .Sh FILES The driver needs at least version 1.0 of the following firmware files, which are loaded when an interface is attached: .Pp .Bl -tag -width Ds -offset indent -compact .It Pa /etc/firmware/otus-init .It Pa /etc/firmware/otus-main .El .Pp Although these firmware files are freely redistributable, their usage is restricted. A prepackaged version of the firmware can be installed using .Xr fw_update 8 . .Sh HARDWARE The following adapters should work: .Pp .Bl -tag -width Ds -offset indent -compact .It 3Com 3CRUSBN275 .It Arcadyan WN7512 .\" .It AVM FRITZ!WLAN USB Stick N .It CACE AirPcap \&Nx .It D-Link DWA-130 rev \&D1 .It D-Link DWA-160 rev A1 .It D-Link DWA-160 rev A2 .It IO-Data WN-GDN/US2 .It NEC Aterm WL300NU-G .It Netgear WNDA3100 .It Netgear WN111 v2 .It Planex GW-US300 .It SMC Networks SMCWUSB-N2 .It TP-Link TL-WN821N v1, v2 .It Ubiquiti SR71 USB .It Unex DNUA-81 .It Z-Com UB81 .It Z-Com UB82 .It ZyXEL NWD-271N .El .Sh EXAMPLES The following example scans for available networks: .Pp .Dl # ifconfig otus0 scan .Pp The following .Xr hostname.if 5 example configures otus0 to join network .Dq mynwid , using WPA key .Dq mywpakey , obtaining an IP address using DHCP: .Bd -literal -offset indent join mynwid wpakey mywpakey inet autoconf .Ed .Sh DIAGNOSTICS .Bl -diag .It "otus0: error N, could not read firmware ..." For some reason, the driver was unable to read the microcode file from the filesystem. The file might be missing or corrupted. .It "otus0: device timeout" A frame dispatched to the hardware for transmission did not complete in time. The driver will reset the hardware. This should not happen. .El .Sh SEE ALSO .Xr arp 4 , .Xr ifmedia 4 , .Xr intro 4 , .Xr netintro 4 , .Xr usb 4 , .Xr hostname.if 5 , .Xr ifconfig 8 .Sh HISTORY The .Nm driver first appeared in .Ox 4.6 . .Sh AUTHORS The .Nm driver was written by .An Damien Bergamini Aq Mt damien.bergamini@free.fr based on source code licensed under the ISC released in 2008 by Atheros Communications for Linux. .Sh CAVEATS The AVM FRITZ!WLAN USB Stick N adapter is currently not supported. .Pp The .Nm driver does not support any of the 802.11n capabilities offered by the AR9001U chipset. Additional work is required in .Xr ieee80211 9 before those features can be supported. .Pp This driver does not support powersave mode.