/* $OpenBSD: init_main.c,v 1.326 2024/04/02 08:39:16 deraadt Exp $ */ /* $NetBSD: init_main.c,v 1.84.4.1 1996/06/02 09:08:06 mrg Exp $ */ /* * Copyright (c) 1995 Christopher G. Demetriou. All rights reserved. * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. * (c) UNIX System Laboratories, Inc. * All or some portions of this file are derived from material licensed * to the University of California by American Telephone and Telegraph * Co. or Unix System Laboratories, Inc. and are reproduced herein with * the permission of UNIX System Laboratories, Inc. * * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions * are met: * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software * without specific prior written permission. * * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF * SUCH DAMAGE. * * @(#)init_main.c 8.9 (Berkeley) 1/21/94 */ #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #ifdef SYSVSHM #include #endif #ifdef SYSVSEM #include #endif #ifdef SYSVMSG #include #endif #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #if defined(CRYPTO) #include #include #endif #if defined(KUBSAN) extern void kubsan_init(void); #endif #if defined(NFSSERVER) || defined(NFSCLIENT) extern void nfs_init(void); #endif #include "stoeplitz.h" #if NSTOEPLITZ > 0 extern void stoeplitz_init(void); #endif #include "mpath.h" #include "vscsi.h" #include "softraid.h" const char copyright[] = "Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1991, 1993\n" "\tThe Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.\n" "Copyright (c) 1995-2024 OpenBSD. All rights reserved. https://www.OpenBSD.org\n"; /* Components of the first process -- never freed. */ struct session session0; struct pgrp pgrp0; struct proc proc0; struct process process0; struct plimit limit0; struct vmspace vmspace0; struct sigacts sigacts0; struct process *initprocess; struct proc *reaperproc; extern struct user *proc0paddr; struct vnode *rootvp, *swapdev_vp; int boothowto; int db_active = 0; int ncpus = 1; int ncpusfound = 1; /* number of cpus we find */ volatile int start_init_exec; /* semaphore for start_init() */ #if !defined(NO_PROPOLICE) long __guard_local __attribute__((section(".openbsd.randomdata"))); #endif /* XXX return int so gcc -Werror won't complain */ int main(void *); void check_console(struct proc *); void start_init(void *); void db_ctf_init(void); void prof_init(void); void init_exec(void); void futex_init(void); void taskq_init(void); void timeout_proc_init(void); void pool_gc_pages(void *); void percpu_init(void); #ifdef DIAGNOSTIC int pdevinit_done = 0; #endif /* * System startup; initialize the world, create process 0, mount root * filesystem, and fork to create init and pagedaemon. Most of the * hard work is done in the lower-level initialization routines including * startup(), which does memory initialization and autoconfiguration. */ /* XXX return int, so gcc -Werror won't complain */ int main(void *framep) { struct proc *p; struct process *pr; struct pdevinit *pdev; extern struct pdevinit pdevinit[]; extern void disk_init(void); /* * Initialize the current process pointer (curproc) before * any possible traps/probes to simplify trap processing. */ curproc = p = &proc0; p->p_cpu = curcpu(); /* * Initialize timeouts. */ timeout_startup(); /* * Attempt to find console and initialize * in case of early panic or other messages. */ config_init(); /* init autoconfiguration data structures */ consinit(); printf("%s\n", copyright); #ifdef KUBSAN /* Initialize kubsan. */ kubsan_init(); #endif WITNESS_INITIALIZE(); KERNEL_LOCK_INIT(); SCHED_LOCK_INIT(); rw_obj_init(); uvm_init(); disk_init(); /* must come before autoconfiguration */ tty_init(); /* initialise tty's */ cpu_startup(); random_start(boothowto & RB_GOODRANDOM); /* Start the flow */ /* * Initialize mbuf's. Do this now because we might attempt to * allocate mbufs or mbuf clusters during autoconfiguration. */ mbinit(); #if NSTOEPLITZ > 0 stoeplitz_init(); #endif /* Initialize sockets. */ soinit(); /* Initialize SRP subsystem. */ srp_startup(); /* Initialize SMR subsystem. */ smr_startup(); /* * Initialize process and pgrp structures. */ procinit(); /* Initialize file locking. */ lf_init(); /* * Initialize filedescriptors. */ filedesc_init(); /* * Initialize pipes. */ pipe_init(); /* * Initialize kqueues. */ kqueue_init(); /* * Initialize futexes. */ futex_init(); /* Create credentials. */ p->p_ucred = crget(); p->p_ucred->cr_ngroups = 1; /* group 0 */ /* * Create process 0 (the swapper). */ pr = &process0; process_initialize(pr, p); LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&allprocess, pr, ps_list); LIST_INSERT_HEAD(PIDHASH(0), pr, ps_hash); atomic_setbits_int(&pr->ps_flags, PS_SYSTEM); /* Set the default routing table/domain. */ process0.ps_rtableid = 0; LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&allproc, p, p_list); pr->ps_pgrp = &pgrp0; LIST_INSERT_HEAD(TIDHASH(0), p, p_hash); LIST_INSERT_HEAD(PGRPHASH(0), &pgrp0, pg_hash); LIST_INIT(&pgrp0.pg_members); LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&pgrp0.pg_members, pr, ps_pglist); pgrp0.pg_session = &session0; session0.s_count = 1; session0.s_leader = pr; atomic_setbits_int(&p->p_flag, P_SYSTEM); p->p_stat = SONPROC; pr->ps_nice = NZERO; strlcpy(pr->ps_comm, "swapper", sizeof(pr->ps_comm)); /* Init timeouts. */ timeout_set(&p->p_sleep_to, endtsleep, p); /* Initialize signal state for process 0. */ signal_init(); siginit(&sigacts0); pr->ps_sigacts = &sigacts0; /* Create the file descriptor table. */ p->p_fd = pr->ps_fd = fdinit(); /* Create the limits structures. */ lim_startup(&limit0); pr->ps_limit = &limit0; /* Allocate a prototype map so we have something to fork. */ uvmspace_init(&vmspace0, pmap_kernel(), round_page(VM_MIN_ADDRESS), trunc_page(VM_MAX_ADDRESS), TRUE, TRUE); p->p_vmspace = pr->ps_vmspace = &vmspace0; p->p_addr = proc0paddr; /* XXX */ /* * Charge root for one process. */ (void)chgproccnt(0, 1); /* Initialize run queues */ sched_init_runqueues(); sleep_queue_init(); clockqueue_init(&curcpu()->ci_queue); sched_init_cpu(curcpu()); p->p_cpu->ci_randseed = (arc4random() & 0x7fffffff) + 1; /* Initialize timeouts in process context. */ timeout_proc_init(); /* Initialize task queues */ taskq_init(); /* Initialize the interface/address trees */ ifinit(); /* Lock the kernel on behalf of proc0. */ KERNEL_LOCK(); #if NMPATH > 0 /* Attach mpath before hardware */ config_rootfound("mpath", NULL); #endif /* Configure the devices */ cpu_configure(); /* Configure virtual memory system, set vm rlimits. */ uvm_init_limits(&limit0); /* Per CPU memory allocation */ percpu_init(); /* Initialize the file systems. */ #if defined(NFSSERVER) || defined(NFSCLIENT) nfs_init(); /* initialize server/shared data */ #endif vfsinit(); /* Start real time and statistics clocks. */ initclocks(); #ifdef SYSVSHM /* Initialize System V style shared memory. */ shminit(); #endif #ifdef SYSVSEM /* Initialize System V style semaphores. */ seminit(); #endif #ifdef SYSVMSG /* Initialize System V style message queues. */ msginit(); #endif /* Create default routing table before attaching lo0. */ rtable_init(); /* Attach pseudo-devices. */ for (pdev = pdevinit; pdev->pdev_attach != NULL; pdev++) if (pdev->pdev_count > 0) (*pdev->pdev_attach)(pdev->pdev_count); #ifdef DIAGNOSTIC pdevinit_done = 1; #endif #ifdef CRYPTO crypto_init(); swcr_init(); #endif /* CRYPTO */ /* * Initialize protocols. */ domaininit(); initconsbuf(); #if defined(GPROF) || defined(DDBPROF) /* Initialize kernel profiling. */ prof_init(); #endif /* Enable per-CPU data. */ mbcpuinit(); kqueue_init_percpu(); pmap_init_percpu(); uvm_init_percpu(); evcount_init_percpu(); /* init exec */ init_exec(); /* Start the scheduler */ scheduler_start(); /* * Create process 1 (init(8)). We do this now, as Unix has * historically had init be process 1, and changing this would * probably upset a lot of people. * * Note that process 1 won't immediately exec init(8), but will * wait for us to inform it that the root file system has been * mounted. */ { struct proc *initproc; if (fork1(p, FORK_FORK, start_init, NULL, NULL, &initproc)) panic("fork init"); initprocess = initproc->p_p; } /* * Create any kernel threads whose creation was deferred because * initprocess had not yet been created. */ kthread_run_deferred_queue(); /* * Now that device driver threads have been created, wait for * them to finish any deferred autoconfiguration. Note we don't * need to lock this semaphore, since we haven't booted any * secondary processors, yet. */ while (config_pending) tsleep_nsec(&config_pending, PWAIT, "cfpend", INFSLP); dostartuphooks(); #if NVSCSI > 0 config_rootfound("vscsi", NULL); #endif #if NSOFTRAID > 0 config_rootfound("softraid", NULL); #endif /* Configure root/swap devices */ diskconf(); #ifdef DDB /* Make debug symbols available in ddb. */ db_ctf_init(); #endif if (mountroot == NULL || ((*mountroot)() != 0)) panic("cannot mount root"); TAILQ_FIRST(&mountlist)->mnt_flag |= MNT_ROOTFS; /* Get the vnode for '/'. Set p->p_fd->fd_cdir to reference it. */ if (VFS_ROOT(TAILQ_FIRST(&mountlist), &rootvnode)) panic("cannot find root vnode"); p->p_fd->fd_cdir = rootvnode; vref(p->p_fd->fd_cdir); VOP_UNLOCK(rootvnode); p->p_fd->fd_rdir = NULL; /* * Now that root is mounted, we can fixup initprocess's CWD * info. All other processes are kthreads, which merely * share proc0's CWD info. */ initprocess->ps_fd->fd_cdir = rootvnode; vref(initprocess->ps_fd->fd_cdir); initprocess->ps_fd->fd_rdir = NULL; /* * Now can look at time, having had a chance to verify the time * from the file system. */ LIST_FOREACH(pr, &allprocess, ps_list) { nanouptime(&pr->ps_start); } nanouptime(&curcpu()->ci_schedstate.spc_runtime); uvm_swap_init(); /* Create the pageout daemon kernel thread. */ if (kthread_create(uvm_pageout, NULL, NULL, "pagedaemon")) panic("fork pagedaemon"); /* Create the reaper daemon kernel thread. */ if (kthread_create(reaper, NULL, &reaperproc, "reaper")) panic("fork reaper"); /* Create the cleaner daemon kernel thread. */ if (kthread_create(buf_daemon, NULL, &cleanerproc, "cleaner")) panic("fork cleaner"); /* Create the update daemon kernel thread. */ if (kthread_create(syncer_thread, NULL, &syncerproc, "update")) panic("fork update"); /* Create the aiodone daemon kernel thread. */ if (kthread_create(uvm_aiodone_daemon, NULL, NULL, "aiodoned")) panic("fork aiodoned"); #if !defined(__hppa__) /* Create the page zeroing kernel thread. */ if (kthread_create(uvm_pagezero_thread, NULL, NULL, "zerothread")) panic("fork zerothread"); #endif #if defined(MULTIPROCESSOR) /* Boot the secondary processors. */ cpu_boot_secondary_processors(); #endif /* Now that all CPUs partake in scheduling, start SMR thread. */ smr_startup_thread(); config_process_deferred_mountroot(); /* * Okay, now we can let init(8) exec! It's off to userland! */ start_init_exec = 1; wakeup((void *)&start_init_exec); /* * Start the idle pool page garbage collector */ #if defined(MULTIPROCESSOR) pool_gc_pages(NULL); #endif start_periodic_resettodr(); /* * proc0: nothing to do, back to sleep */ while (1) tsleep_nsec(&proc0, PVM, "scheduler", INFSLP); /* NOTREACHED */ } /* * List of paths to try when searching for "init". */ static char *initpaths[] = { "/sbin/init", "/sbin/oinit", "/sbin/init.bak", NULL, }; void check_console(struct proc *p) { struct nameidata nd; int error; NDINIT(&nd, LOOKUP, FOLLOW, UIO_SYSSPACE, "/dev/console", p); error = namei(&nd); if (error) { if (error == ENOENT) printf("warning: /dev/console does not exist\n"); else printf("warning: /dev/console error %d\n", error); } else vrele(nd.ni_vp); } /* * Start the initial user process; try exec'ing each pathname in "initpaths". * The program is invoked with one argument containing the boot flags. */ void start_init(void *arg) { struct proc *p = arg; vaddr_t addr; struct sys_execve_args /* { syscallarg(const char *) path; syscallarg(char *const *) argp; syscallarg(char *const *) envp; } */ args; int options, error; long i; register_t retval[2]; char flags[4], *flagsp; char **pathp, *path, *ucp, **uap, *arg0, *arg1 = NULL; /* * Now in process 1. */ /* * Wait for main() to tell us that it's safe to exec. */ while (start_init_exec == 0) tsleep_nsec(&start_init_exec, PWAIT, "initexec", INFSLP); check_console(p); /* process 0 ignores SIGCHLD, but we can't */ p->p_p->ps_sigacts->ps_sigflags = 0; /* * Need just enough stack to hold the faked-up "execve()" arguments. */ #ifdef MACHINE_STACK_GROWS_UP addr = USRSTACK; #else addr = USRSTACK - PAGE_SIZE; #endif p->p_vmspace->vm_maxsaddr = (caddr_t)addr; p->p_vmspace->vm_minsaddr = (caddr_t)(addr + PAGE_SIZE); if (uvm_map(&p->p_vmspace->vm_map, &addr, PAGE_SIZE, NULL, UVM_UNKNOWN_OFFSET, 0, UVM_MAPFLAG(PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, PROT_MASK, MAP_INHERIT_COPY, MADV_NORMAL, UVM_FLAG_FIXED|UVM_FLAG_OVERLAY|UVM_FLAG_COPYONW|UVM_FLAG_STACK))) panic("init: couldn't allocate argument space"); for (pathp = &initpaths[0]; (path = *pathp) != NULL; pathp++) { #ifdef MACHINE_STACK_GROWS_UP ucp = (char *)addr; #else ucp = (char *)(addr + PAGE_SIZE); #endif /* * Construct the boot flag argument. */ flagsp = flags; *flagsp++ = '-'; options = 0; if (boothowto & RB_SINGLE) { *flagsp++ = 's'; options = 1; } #ifdef notyet if (boothowto & RB_FASTBOOT) { *flagsp++ = 'f'; options = 1; } #endif /* * Move out the flags (arg 1), if necessary. */ if (options != 0) { *flagsp++ = '\0'; i = flagsp - flags; #ifdef DEBUG printf("init: copying out flags `%s' %ld\n", flags, i); #endif #ifdef MACHINE_STACK_GROWS_UP arg1 = ucp; (void)copyout((caddr_t)flags, (caddr_t)ucp, i); ucp += i; #else (void)copyout((caddr_t)flags, (caddr_t)(ucp -= i), i); arg1 = ucp; #endif } /* * Move out the file name (also arg 0). */ i = strlen(path) + 1; #ifdef DEBUG printf("init: copying out path `%s' %ld\n", path, i); #endif #ifdef MACHINE_STACK_GROWS_UP arg0 = ucp; (void)copyout((caddr_t)path, (caddr_t)ucp, i); ucp += i; ucp = (caddr_t)ALIGN((u_long)ucp); uap = (char **)ucp + 3; #else (void)copyout((caddr_t)path, (caddr_t)(ucp -= i), i); arg0 = ucp; uap = (char **)((u_long)ucp & ~ALIGNBYTES); #endif /* * Move out the arg pointers. */ i = 0; copyout(&i, (caddr_t)--uap, sizeof(register_t)); /* terminator */ if (options != 0) copyout(&arg1, (caddr_t)--uap, sizeof(register_t)); copyout(&arg0, (caddr_t)--uap, sizeof(register_t)); /* * Point at the arguments. */ SCARG(&args, path) = arg0; SCARG(&args, argp) = uap; SCARG(&args, envp) = NULL; /* * Now try to exec the program. If can't for any reason * other than it doesn't exist, complain. */ if ((error = sys_execve(p, &args, retval)) == EJUSTRETURN) { KERNEL_UNLOCK(); return; } if (error != ENOENT) printf("exec %s: error %d\n", path, error); } printf("init: not found\n"); panic("no init"); }